LITERATURE HISTORY OF TRAVEL IN JAVA
Travel Javanese literary history can be traced by looking at the collection of Java script contained in the various museums, mainly in museums in Yogyakarta, Surakarta, Jakarta and abroad are numerous in the Netherlands. From the various texts that we akamenjumpai manuscript in the form of Annals, fibers, puppet literature, literary mysticism
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Babad generally contain about the history of the kingdom or tokuhnya, Fiber containing about the teachings or doctrine or piwulang wayang stories in the world, especially in the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana, mysticism contains teachings about the relationship between man and God Almighty, moral teachings, etc..
Type of Javanese literature of the oldest is Kakawin Ramayana and the books that tell parwa Kurawa ancestors and Pandavas. Although the story of Ramayana and Mahabharata from India, but its content is taken by the Java community is a conflict between good and bad, which ended with the victory of good. There are 8 parwa yag known, namely: Adiparwa, Wiathaparwa, Udyogaparwa, Bismaparwa, Asramasaparwa, Mosalaparwa, Prathanikaparwa and Swargarohanaparwa, written in Old Javanese language in the era of King Dharmawangsa Teguh in East Java at the end of a 10 th century.
Indian-influenced literature that dominated the literary world of Java in a long time, because a new era of literary renewal Javanese Majapahit emerged with the birth of Carnival Negarakertagama. Literature is reforming Indian mythology that has become a tradition in Javanese society, which the characters are then replaced with the figures of Majapahit in real terms. If in the days before the Majapahit characters in literary works are highlighted in the form of mythological figures, especially figures drawn from the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana, then the Majapahit era characters in literary works are historical figures. Both figures are depicted in real life and as well as historical figures whose lives have been processed as a myth, for example, the characters in the fibers and the book Pararaton Panji.
At the time of Majapahit literature began working on historical figures who could emulate his behavior patterns, such as Ken Arik, Hayam Wuruk, Rati Tribuwana, Jayakatwang, Sora, Nambil and so forth.
Literature piwulang
Besides works of literary history, in the era of appears also Majaphit piwulang literary work which contains teachings about the norms of individual behavior in society. For example, the book Nitisastra and Dharmasunya. The emergence of this piwulang literary book is also one of renewal in the field of Javanese literature. The public view has shifted, no longer centered on the individual as an element "gedhe universe", but individuals have been independently valued as a "little universe". Moral teachings contained in the above two books are basically responsible for guiding the individual for ciliknya own universe.
After Islam came in, came the book of mysticism, the book contains teachings about the unity of a creature with the guidance of his Lord. Unlike the Hindu Javanese view, one can only relate to God, if he was priest, king and poet. These are to be united with god. While the books of mysticism teach someone to relate to their God without an intermediary, and this means a very high individual award ..
In this Islamic era, in addition to the books of mysticism appears also books berii Islamic mythology, such as books Kejajahan, Menak books, and book kitabRengganis Ambiya. Literary works of the Hindu-Buddhist era pushed to the rear. Born too literary piwulang, such as fiber Nitisruti, Nitipraja fiber, and fiber Sewaka, that all three contain instructions on how to serve the king and how to govern.
Metrum macapat
When political stability occurs at the time of Surakarta, the active poet with literary works, and a very prominent are the works in the form metrum macapat macapat or poetry. The works of Old Javanese such as fiber Batarayuda, Ramayana, Lokapala, Arjunasasrabau, Wiwahajarwa macapat revamped in the form of poetry. Similarly piwulang literature, also formed in the poems such as fiber Wicarakeras macapat, Sanasusnu by Yasadipura II, Wulang Reh and Wulang Sunu by Sri Sunan Paku Buwana IV, Wedhatama by Sri Mangkunegoro IV, fiber Centhini by Sri Susuhunan Pakubowono V. Macapat metrum form also appears in literary works such as the Chronicle Giyanti history. Pakepung Babad, Babad Prayut and so forth.
At the time of Surakarta was also featured literary works are futuristic Yeng (forecast) that many Ranggawarsita composed by poets, known for his predictions in Fibre Kalatidha.
Dutch colonial influence is also seen in literary works of his time, especially after the establishment of Balai Pustaka receiving Javanese literary texts. The special characteristic of literature published by Balai Pustaka is no longer taking the role of puppet characters, nor figures of kings, but from imaginary figures from the community konkret.Pemecahan problem no longer sought in heaven or testament supernatural nature but focused on issues of education, that time it has been initiated by the Government of the Netherlands East Indies
FROM ANDRA JOGJA
Type of Javanese literature of the oldest is Kakawin Ramayana and the books that tell parwa Kurawa ancestors and Pandavas. Although the story of Ramayana and Mahabharata from India, but its content is taken by the Java community is a conflict between good and bad, which ended with the victory of good. There are 8 parwa yag known, namely: Adiparwa, Wiathaparwa, Udyogaparwa, Bismaparwa, Asramasaparwa, Mosalaparwa, Prathanikaparwa and Swargarohanaparwa, written in Old Javanese language in the era of King Dharmawangsa Teguh in East Java at the end of a 10 th century.
Indian-influenced literature that dominated the literary world of Java in a long time, because a new era of literary renewal Javanese Majapahit emerged with the birth of Carnival Negarakertagama. Literature is reforming Indian mythology that has become a tradition in Javanese society, which the characters are then replaced with the figures of Majapahit in real terms. If in the days before the Majapahit characters in literary works are highlighted in the form of mythological figures, especially figures drawn from the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana, then the Majapahit era characters in literary works are historical figures. Both figures are depicted in real life and as well as historical figures whose lives have been processed as a myth, for example, the characters in the fibers and the book Pararaton Panji.
At the time of Majapahit literature began working on historical figures who could emulate his behavior patterns, such as Ken Arik, Hayam Wuruk, Rati Tribuwana, Jayakatwang, Sora, Nambil and so forth.
Literature piwulang
Besides works of literary history, in the era of appears also Majaphit piwulang literary work which contains teachings about the norms of individual behavior in society. For example, the book Nitisastra and Dharmasunya. The emergence of this piwulang literary book is also one of renewal in the field of Javanese literature. The public view has shifted, no longer centered on the individual as an element "gedhe universe", but individuals have been independently valued as a "little universe". Moral teachings contained in the above two books are basically responsible for guiding the individual for ciliknya own universe.
After Islam came in, came the book of mysticism, the book contains teachings about the unity of a creature with the guidance of his Lord. Unlike the Hindu Javanese view, one can only relate to God, if he was priest, king and poet. These are to be united with god. While the books of mysticism teach someone to relate to their God without an intermediary, and this means a very high individual award ..
In this Islamic era, in addition to the books of mysticism appears also books berii Islamic mythology, such as books Kejajahan, Menak books, and book kitabRengganis Ambiya. Literary works of the Hindu-Buddhist era pushed to the rear. Born too literary piwulang, such as fiber Nitisruti, Nitipraja fiber, and fiber Sewaka, that all three contain instructions on how to serve the king and how to govern.
Metrum macapat
When political stability occurs at the time of Surakarta, the active poet with literary works, and a very prominent are the works in the form metrum macapat macapat or poetry. The works of Old Javanese such as fiber Batarayuda, Ramayana, Lokapala, Arjunasasrabau, Wiwahajarwa macapat revamped in the form of poetry. Similarly piwulang literature, also formed in the poems such as fiber Wicarakeras macapat, Sanasusnu by Yasadipura II, Wulang Reh and Wulang Sunu by Sri Sunan Paku Buwana IV, Wedhatama by Sri Mangkunegoro IV, fiber Centhini by Sri Susuhunan Pakubowono V. Macapat metrum form also appears in literary works such as the Chronicle Giyanti history. Pakepung Babad, Babad Prayut and so forth.
At the time of Surakarta was also featured literary works are futuristic Yeng (forecast) that many Ranggawarsita composed by poets, known for his predictions in Fibre Kalatidha.
Dutch colonial influence is also seen in literary works of his time, especially after the establishment of Balai Pustaka receiving Javanese literary texts. The special characteristic of literature published by Balai Pustaka is no longer taking the role of puppet characters, nor figures of kings, but from imaginary figures from the community konkret.Pemecahan problem no longer sought in heaven or testament supernatural nature but focused on issues of education, that time it has been initiated by the Government of the Netherlands East Indies
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